BSc First Year (Sem 1 & 2) Botany – Daily Revision MCQ (English Medium)
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What is the genetic material of Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)?
Chapter 2: Viruses
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Answer: B. Single-stranded RNA
TMV is a rod-shaped plant virus whose protein coat encloses a single strand of RNA.In Gram staining, what colour do Gram-positive bacteria show?
Chapter 3: Bacteria
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Answer: D. Violet or purple
Their thick peptidoglycan wall holds the crystal violet-iodine complex, so they stay violet after alcohol wash.What is the main function of heterocysts in Nostoc?
Chapter 4: Cyanobacteria (Nostoc and Oscillatoria)
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Answer: A. Nitrogen fixation
Heterocysts are thick-walled cells lacking oxygen-producing photosystem II, giving the nitrogenase enzyme an oxygen-free place to fix nitrogen.Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin (1928) from which fungus?
Chapter 8: Fungi: Albugo, Penicillium and Agaricus
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Answer: C. Penicillium notatum
Fleming saw that a Penicillium notatum mould stopped the growth of Staphylococcus bacteria on his culture plate.A lichen is a symbiotic association between:
Chapter 10: Lichens
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Answer: B. an alga (or cyanobacterium) and a fungus
In a lichen the alga makes food by photosynthesis and the fungus gives shelter, water and minerals; fungus with roots is mycorrhiza.In bryophytes, which generation is the dominant, independent plant body?
Chapter 12: Bryophytes
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Answer: A. Gametophyte
The leafy or thalloid plant of a moss or liverwort is the gametophyte; the sporophyte grows on it and depends on it.Which pteridophyte is heterosporous and produces its spores inside hard sporocarps?
Chapter 15: Pteridophytes: Equisetum and Marsilea
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Answer: D. Marsilea
Marsilea, a water fern, bears micro- and megasporangia inside bean-shaped sporocarps; Equisetum is homosporous with cones, and Riccia and Funaria are bryophytes.Why are gymnosperms called 'naked-seeded' plants?
Chapter 16: Gymnosperms
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Answer: C. Their ovules and seeds are not enclosed in an ovary or fruit
In gymnosperms (e.g. Cycas, Pinus) ovules lie exposed on scales or megasporophylls, so seeds are not covered by a fruit.What type of ribosomes are found free in the cytoplasm of a plant cell?
Chapter 18: Plant Cell: Structure and Organelles
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Answer: B. 80S
Eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes are 80S (60S + 40S); 70S ribosomes occur in prokaryotes and inside chloroplasts and mitochondria.In which sub-stage of meiotic prophase I does crossing over take place?
Chapter 19: Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis
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Answer: A. Pachytene
Homologous chromosomes pair in zygotene, and in pachytene non-sister chromatids exchange segments (crossing over).
BSc First Year (Sem 1 & 2): MCQ in other subjects
All questions are written by PadhaiNotes in our own words from the common syllabus of Maharashtra universities (NEP). Your own university's syllabus may differ a little.